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Microorganisms Mar 2022strains with fine probiotic properties are continuously needed in the laying hen industry to improve the animals' gut health and production performance. In this study,...
strains with fine probiotic properties are continuously needed in the laying hen industry to improve the animals' gut health and production performance. In this study, we isolated 57 strains from the gut microbiota of 17 different chicken breeds in China. We characterized the probiotic features of these isolates, and evaluated the effects of a selected strain, CML352, on the production performance and gut health of the late-phase laying hens. The results showed that the isolates varied much in probiotic properties, among which CML352 displayed high acid and bile salt tolerance, high hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, and antibacterial activities. Whole genome sequencing analysis showed that CML352 was closely related to a strain isolated from human fecal samples, but had different functional potentials. Dietary supplementary of CML352 significantly reduced the Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio, increased the expression of , and decreased the expression of , , and . Furthermore, strain CML352 reduced the birds' abdominal fat deposition, and improved egg quality. Taken together, this study indicated that the newly isolated strain might be a worthy probiotic with positive impacts on the intestinal health and production performance of late-phase laying hens.
PubMed: 35456777
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040726 -
Microorganisms Jul 2022The use of probiotics such as and spp. as a therapeutic against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is of significant interest. strain UCC118 is a commensal that has...
The use of probiotics such as and spp. as a therapeutic against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is of significant interest. strain UCC118 is a commensal that has been shown to possess probiotic properties in vitro and anti-infective properties in vivo. However, the usefulness of UCC118 as a therapeutic against colitis remains unclear. This study investigates the probiotic potential of , UCC118™ in a mouse model of colitis. DSS-induced colitis was coupled with pre-treatment or post-treatment with UCC118 by daily oral gavage. In the pre-treatment model of colitis, UCC118 reduced the severity of the disease in the early stages. Improvement in disease severity was coupled with an upregulation of tissue IL-10 levels and increased expression of macrophage M2 markers. This anti-inflammatory activity of UCC118 was further confirmed in vitro, using a model of LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages. Taken together, these results suggest that UCC118 may promote the resolution of inflammation. This was supported in a mouse model of established DSS-induced colitis whereby UCC118 treatment accelerated recovery, as evidenced by weight, stool, histological markers and the recovery of microbiome-associated dysbiosis with an increased abundance of beneficial commensal species. These results demonstrate the potential of UCC118 as a probiotic-based therapeutic strategy to promote health through the upregulation of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and protect against dysbiosis during IBD.
PubMed: 35889102
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071383 -
Polish Journal of Microbiology Dec 2020The destruction of periodontal tissues during periodontitis is the result of the immune-inflammatory reactions to the bacteria of dental biofilm. Probiotics may reduce... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The destruction of periodontal tissues during periodontitis is the result of the immune-inflammatory reactions to the bacteria of dental biofilm. Probiotics may reduce dysbiosis by the modification of the dental microbiome, which can influence the immune-inflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this study was to estimate the clinical and microbiological parameters, before and after 30 days of application of the dietary supplement containing SGL03 or placebo. The study was conducted in 51 patients with stage I or II periodontitis during the maintenance phase of treatment. The clinical parameters and the number of colony forming units (CFU) of bacteria in supragingival plaque were assessed before and after 30 days of the oral once daily administration of the dietary supplement in the form of suspension containing SGL03 or placebo. There were no changes in the PI scores between and within the groups. The value of BOP decreased in both groups. In the study group the significant reduction of the mean pocket depth was revealed (from 2.5 to 2.42, = 0,027) but without the difference between the groups. There were no significant changes in the number of bacteria within the groups. In the control, but not the study group, positive correlations were observed between the clinical parameters (variables) and the number of bacteria. The use of the dietary supplement containing SGL03 may reduce pocket depth despite the lack of changes in other clinical parameters and the number of bacteria in supragingival plaque.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Bacteria; Bacterial Load; Dental Plaque Index; Female; Humans; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Male; Middle Aged; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Probiotics
PubMed: 33574872
DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2020-047 -
MSystems Dec 2022Currently, the regulation of on intestinal stem cells (ISCs) attracts broad attention, but their active ingredients and the underlying mechanism are worthy of further...
Currently, the regulation of on intestinal stem cells (ISCs) attracts broad attention, but their active ingredients and the underlying mechanism are worthy of further study. Previously, host intestinal commensal bacteria were verified to drive the differentiation of ISCs. In this study, the strong bacteriostatic activity of Lactobacillus salivarius and were illustrated, and the components (supernatant, precipitation) of or were further demonstrated to decrease the differentiation of ISCs . Interestingly, antibiotics feeding decreased ISCs differentiation as well. However, the administration of supernatant following antibiotics feeding was shown to promote ISCs differentiation dramatically when compared with the antibiotics feeding group, indicating that some active ingredients existed in its supernatant to promote ISCs activity. Strikingly, , the treatment of supernatant was further confirmed to promote the intestinal organoids' size, budding, and LGR5 expression. Next, the metabolomics analysis of supernatants suggested that succinate might be a crucial metabolite to promote ISCs activity. Further, the succinate treatment (1000 μM) and (50 mM) was confirmed to enhance the expression of LGR5 and PCNA. (a sodium/dicarboxylate cotransporter) was detected in the intestinal organoids and demonstrated to transport succinate into ISCs, as confirmed by the contact of FITC-succinate with ISCs nucleus. Subsequently, high mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species levels appeared in the intestinal organoids upon succinate treatment. Collectively, the promotion of on ISCs activity is associated with succinate-induced mitochondrial energy metabolism. In our previous study, Lactobacillus salivarius and were demonstrated to regulate intestinal stem cell activity in hens, but their active ingredients and the underlying mechanism remain unclear. In this study, supernatant was shown to directly promote intestinal stem cell activity. Furthermore, the succinate (a critical metabolite of ) was screened out to promote intestinal stem cell activity. Moreover, the succinate was confirmed to enter intestinal stem cells and induce high mitochondrial energy metabolism, finally promoting intestinal stem cell activity. These findings will advance uncovering the mechanism by which regulate intestinal stem cell activity in chickens.
Topics: Animals; Female; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Intestinal Mucosa; Succinic Acid; Chickens; Stem Cells; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Energy Metabolism
PubMed: 36413033
DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00903-22 -
Journal of Microbiology and... Jan 2024The proteins carried by the extracellular vesicles of SNK-6 (LsEVs) were identified to provide a foundation for further explorations of the probiotic activities of...
The proteins carried by the extracellular vesicles of SNK-6 (LsEVs) were identified to provide a foundation for further explorations of the probiotic activities of SNK-6. LsEVs were isolated from the culture media of SNK-6 and morphological analysis was conducted by scanning electron microscopy. Subsequent transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis were performed to assess the morphology and particle size of the LsEVs. In addition, the protein composition of LsEVs was analyzed using silver staining and protein mass spectrometry. Finally, internalization of the identified LsEVs was confirmed using a confocal microscope, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to analyze the levels of inflammatory cytokines in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 cells. The results revealed that the membrane-enclosed LsEVs were spherical, with diameters ranging from 100-250 nm. The LsEVs with diameters of 111-256 nm contained the greatest amount of cargo. In total, 320 proteins (10-38 kD) were identified in the LsEVs and included anti-inflammatory molecules, such as PrtP proteinase, co-chaperones, and elongation factor Tu, as well as some proteins involved in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, such as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase. Enrichment analysis showed these proteins to be related to the terms "metabolic pathway," "ribosome," "glycolysis/gluconeogenesis," "carbohydrate metabolism," and "amino acid metabolism." Furthermore, the LsEVs were internalized by host liver cells and can regulate inflammation. These findings confirm that LsEVs contain various functional proteins that play important roles in energy metabolism, signal transduction, and biosynthesis.
Topics: Humans; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Proteomics; Inflammation; Cytokines; Extracellular Vesicles
PubMed: 38282412
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2308.08017 -
Microbial Cell Factories May 2013Metabolic flexibility may be generally defined as "the capacity for the organism to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability". The metabolic diversification strategies... (Review)
Review
Metabolic flexibility may be generally defined as "the capacity for the organism to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability". The metabolic diversification strategies used by individual bacteria vary greatly from the use of novel or acquired enzymes to the use of plasmid-localised genes and transporters. In this review, we describe the ability of lactobacilli to utilise a variety of carbon sources from their current or new environments in order to grow and survive. The genus Lactobacillus now includes more than 150 species, many with adaptive capabilities, broad metabolic capacity and species/strain variance. They are therefore, an informative example of a cell factory capable of adapting to new niches with differing nutritional landscapes. Indeed, lactobacilli naturally colonise and grow in a wide variety of environmental niches which include the roots and foliage of plants, silage, various fermented foods and beverages, the human vagina and the mammalian gastrointestinal tract (GIT; including the mouth, stomach, small intestine and large intestine). Here we primarily describe the metabolic flexibility of some lactobacilli isolated from the mammalian gastrointestinal tract, and we also describe some of the food-associated species with a proven ability to adapt to the GIT. As examples this review concentrates on the following species - Lb. plantarum, Lb. acidophilus, Lb. ruminis, Lb. salivarius, Lb. reuteri and Lb. sakei, to highlight the diversity and inter-relationships between the catabolic nature of species within the genus.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Carbon; Gastrointestinal Tract; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; Humans; Lactobacillus; Phylogeny; Plasmids
PubMed: 23680304
DOI: 10.1186/1475-2859-12-48 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022As a fish unique to Yunnan Province in China, hosts abundant potential probiotic resources in its intestinal tract. However, the genomic characteristics of the...
As a fish unique to Yunnan Province in China, hosts abundant potential probiotic resources in its intestinal tract. However, the genomic characteristics of the probiotic potential bacteria in its intestine and their effects on have not yet been established. In this study, we investigated the functional genomics and host response of a strain, S01, isolated from the intestine of (bred in captivity). The results revealed that the total length of the genome was 1,737,623 bp (GC content, 33.09%), comprised of 1895 genes, including 22 rRNA operons and 78 transfer RNA genes. Three clusters of antibacterial substances related genes were identified using antiSMASH and BAGEL4 database predictions. In addition, manual examination confirmed the presence of functional genes related to stress resistance, adhesion, immunity, and other genes responsible for probiotic potential in the genome of S01. Subsequently, the probiotic effect of S01 was investigated by feeding a diet with bacterial supplementation. The results showed that potential probiotic supplementation increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and POD) in the hepar and reduced oxidative damage (MDA). Furthermore, the gut microbial community and diversity of from different treatment groups were compared using high-throughput sequencing. The diversity index of the gut microbial community in the group supplemented with potential probiotics was higher than that in the control group, indicating that supplementation with potential probiotics increased gut microbial diversity. At the phylum level, the abundance of Proteobacteria decreased with potential probiotic supplementation, while the abundance of Firmicutes, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota increased. At the genus level, there was a decrease in the abundance of the pathogenic bacterium and an increase in the abundance of the potential probiotic bacterium . The results of this study suggest that S01 is a promising potential probiotic candidate that provides multiple benefits for the microbiome of .
PubMed: 36386721
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1014970 -
Cells Dec 2022spp., as probiotics, have shown efficacy in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we screened a new probiotic strain, SNK-6 ( SNK-6), which was...
spp., as probiotics, have shown efficacy in alleviating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we screened a new probiotic strain, SNK-6 ( SNK-6), which was isolated from the ileum of healthy Xinyang black-feather laying hens in China. We investigated the beneficial activity of SNK-6 in a NAFLD model in laying hens and found that SNK-6 inhibited liver fat deposition and decreased serum triglyceride levels and activity of aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase. MBOAT2 (membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 2) was directly targeted by miR-130a-5p, which was downregulated in the liver of NAFLD laying hens but reversed after SNK-6 treatment. Downregulation of MBOAT2, SNK-6 supplementation in vivo, and SNK-6 cell culture treatment in vitro suppressed the mRNA expression of genes involved in the PPAR/SREBP pathway. In addition, 250 metabolites were identified in the supernatants of SNK-6 culture media, and most of them participated in metabolic pathways, including amino acid, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. Targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that acetate, butyrate, and propionate were the most abundant short-chain fatty acids, while cholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, and tauroursodeoxycholic acid were the four most-enriched bile acids among SNK-6 metabolites. This may have contributed to the reparative effect of SNK-6 in the NAFLD chicken model. Our study suggested that SNK-6 alleviated liver damage partly via the miR-130a-5p/MBOAT2 signaling pathway.
Topics: Animals; Female; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Lipid Metabolism; Ligilactobacillus salivarius; Chickens; MicroRNAs
PubMed: 36552896
DOI: 10.3390/cells11244133 -
Microorganisms Jul 2022The production performance and disease resistance of laying hens decrease obviously with age. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementary Lactobacillus...
The production performance and disease resistance of laying hens decrease obviously with age. This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementary Lactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius) SNK-6 on laying performance, the immune-related gene expression in cecal tonsil, and the cecal microbial composition of laying hens. Here, 384 Xinyang black commercial hens (55 weeks old) were randomly allocated to three groups under the same husbandry and dietary regimes: basal diet (Con), the low L. salivarius SNK-6 group (T1: 1.0 × 106 CFU/g), and the high L. salivarius SNK-6 group (T2: 1.0 × 107 CFU/g). The results showed that the feed intake and broken-egg rate in the T1 group were significantly higher than the Con group (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, expressions of intestinal mucosal immune-related genes were significantly upregulated. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing indicated that supplementary L. salivarius SNK-6 had no significant difference in α -diversity and only displayed a trend difference in the β-diversity of cecal microbiota (p = 0.07). LEfSe and random forest were further used to identify bacteria family Enterobacteriaceae, order RF39, genera Ochrobactrum, and Eubacterium as biomarkers between the Con and T1 groups. Genera Ochrobactrum, which had high relative abundance and nodal degree in the T1 and T2 groups, showed a significant positive correlation with the expression of TLR-6, IL-10, MHC-II, and CD40 in cecal tonsils and might play a critical role in activating the host intestinal mucosal immune responses. Overall, dietary supplementary L. salivarius SNK-6 can display an immunomodulatory function, possibly by regulating cecal microbial composition. However, the changes in immune responses may be at the expenditure of corresponding production performance, which needs to be weighed up in practical application.
PubMed: 35889188
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071469 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022Lactic acid bacteria are increasingly becoming important dietary supplements due to their health benefits when consumed in adequate quantity. The increasing attention on...
Lactic acid bacteria are increasingly becoming important dietary supplements due to their health benefits when consumed in adequate quantity. The increasing attention on these important microbes has necessitated an in-depth understanding of their physiological processes, such as nutritional requirements and growth patterns, to better harness their probiotic potentials. This study was carried out to determine the nutritional requirements for the growth of ZJ614 and ZJ625 from a chemically defined medium and evaluate growth kinetics by fitting different sigmoidal growth models. The complete CDM contains 49 nutritional ingredients such as glucose, Tween 80, mineral salts, buffers, amino acids, vitamins, and nucleotides at defined concentrations. In addition, the minimal nutritional requirements of the isolates were determined in a series of single-omission experiments (SOEs) to compose the MDM. Growth curve data were generated by culturing in an automated 96-well micro-plate reader at 37°C for 36 h, and photometric readings (optical density: OD) were taken. The data were summarized in tables and charts using Microsoft Excel, while growth evaluation was carried out using open-source software () on Python. The results revealed that omission of the amino acids, vitamins, and nucleotides groups resulted in 2.0, 20.17, and 60.24% (for ZJ614) and 0.95, 42.7, and 70.5% (for ZJ625) relative growths, respectively. Elimination of the individual CDM components also indicates varying levels of growth by the strains. The growth curve data revealed LogisticLag2 and Baranyi-Roberts models as the best fits for ZJ625 and ZJ614, respectively. All the strains showed appreciable growth on the CDM and MDM as observed in de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) broth. We also described the growth kinetics of ZJ625 and ZJ614 in the CDM, and the best models revealed the estimated growth parameters.
PubMed: 35602032
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865493